<p>以下是fgyhgj 的 帖子,我把这些合并在这里.可以更加集中.</p><p>日常生活中的常用英文 </p><p><br/>人非钢铁，孰能无病。 </p><p></p><p></p><p>去医院遇到华人医生可以讲华文，如果没有怎么办？靠自己 </p><p></p><p><br/>(1) 一般病情: </p><p>He feels headache, nausea and vomiting. (他觉得头痛、恶心和想吐。) <br/>He is under the weather. (他不舒服，生病了。) <br/>He began to feel unusually tired. (他感到反常的疲倦。) <br/>He feels light-headed. (他觉得头晕。) <br/>She has been shut-in for a few days. (她生病在家几天了。) <br/>Her head is pounding. (她头痛。) <br/>His symptoms include loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive fatigue, fever and chills. (他的症状包括没有食欲、体重减轻、非常疲倦、发烧和发冷。) <br/>He feels exhausted or fatigued most of the time. (他大部份时间都觉得非常疲倦。) <br/>He has been lacking in energy for some time. (他感到虚弱有段时间了。) { 枫下论坛 .net/forum } <br/>He feels drowsy, dizzy and nauseated. (他觉得昏昏欲睡，头晕目眩和想吐。) <br/>He feels as though everything around him is spinning. (他感到周围的东西都在打转。) <br/>He has noticed some loss of hearing. (他发觉听力差些。) <br/>She has some pains and itching around her eyes. (她眼睛四周又痛又痒。) </p><p><br/>(2) 伤风感冒： </p><p>He has been coughing up rusty or greenish-yellow phlegm. (他咳嗽带有绿黄色的痰。) <br/>His eyes feel itchy and he has been sneezing. (他眼睛发痒，而且一直在打喷嚏。) <br/>He has a fever, aching muscles and hacking cough. (他有发烧，筋骨酸痛和常常咳嗽。) (hacking = constant) <br/>He coughed with sputum and feeling of malaise. (他咳嗽有浓痰，而且觉得很虚弱。) (malaise = debility) <br/>He gets a cold with a deep hacking cough. (他伤风咳嗽。) <br/>He has a headache, aching bones and joints. (他头痛，骨头、关节也痛。) <br/>He has a persistent cough. (他不停地在咳。) 或 <br/>He has bouts of uncontrollable coughing. (他一阵阵的咳嗽，难以控制。) <br/>He has hoarse and has lost his voice sometimes. (他声音嘶哑，有时失声。) <br/>He has a sore throat and a stuffy nose. (他嗓子疼痛而且鼻子不通。) <br/>His breathing is harsh and wheezy. (他呼吸时，有气喘似的呼哧呼哧作响。) <br/>He has a stabbing pain that comes on suddenly in one or both temples. (有时突然间太阳穴刺痛。) <br/>He has a runny nose, sneezing or a scratchy throat. (他流鼻水，打喷嚏和喉咙沙哑。) </p><p></p><p><br/>(3)女性疾病： </p><p>She has noticed one lump in her breast. (她发觉乳房有个肿块。) <br/>There is a hard, swollen lump on her right breast. (她右乳房有肿块。) <br/>Her left breast is painful and swollen. (她左乳房疼痛且肿大。) <br/>She has heavy bleeding with her periods. (她月经来的很多。) <br/>Her vaginal discharge is white or greenish-yellow and unpleasant smelling. (她阴道分泌物带白色或绿黄色，而且气味不好。) <br/>She has noticed occasional spotting of blood between periods. (在月经来的前后，她有时也发觉有滴滴达达的流血。) <br/>She has some bleeding after intercourse. (性交后有出血。) <br/>She feels some vaginal itching. (她感到阴部发痒。) <br/>She has painful periods and abnormal vaginal discharge. (她月经来时疼痛，而且阴道有不正常的分泌物。) </p><p><br/>(4) 手脚毛病： </p><p>His both hands and feet ache all over. (他两手两脚都很酸痛。) <br/>He has pain on the sole of his feet. (他脚底很痛。) <br/>There is a wart-like lump on the sole of right foot. (我右脚底有个像肉疣般的硬块。) <br/>His ankles look puffy and they pit when he presses them with his finger. (他的足踝好像肿了，用手按，就有小坑痕。) (pit = small dent form) <br/>(句里的 they 和 them 都是指 ankles) <br/>The pain in his left foot is accompanied by redness and swelling. (左脚酸痛，并有红肿。) <br/>The joints near his fingernails and knuckles look swollen. (指头和指节旁边的关节，似乎有肿大。) <br/>He has numbness and tingling in his hands and fingers. (他的手和指头感到麻木和刺痛。) <br/>His legs become painful following strenuous exercise. (激烈运\动后，他的腿就痛。) <br/>His knee is misshapen or unable to move. (他的膝盖有点畸形，也不能动。) <br/>There are some swellings in his armpit. (他的腋窝肿大。) <br/>He is troubled with painful muscles and joints. (他的筋骨和关节都痛。) <br/>She is troubled by the pains in the back and shoulders. (她的后背和肩膀都痛。) <br/>His knee has been bothering him for some time. (他的膝盖不舒服，已有一段时间了。) </p><p></p><p><br/>(5) 睡眠不好： </p><p>He is sleeping poorly.（他睡不好） <br/>He has difficulty in sleeping, inability to concentrate.（他不易入睡，也难集中精神。） <br/>It is usually hard for her to fall asleep when she goes to bed at night.（她晚上就寝，很难入睡。） <br/>He wakes during the night or early morning and finds it difficult to fall asleep again.（他晚间或清早醒来后，再也不能入睡。） <br/>He has nightmares occasionally.（他有时做噩梦。）(6) 男性疾病： </p><p>He urinates more frequently than usual.（他小便比平时多。） <br/>He has difficulty controlling his bladder.（他很难控制小便。）(bladder 是膀胱) <br/>There are some lumps on his testicles. （他的睪丸有些硬块。） <br/>He has had burning or pain when he urinates.（他小便时感到发烫和疼痛。） <br/>He is passing less urine than usual.（他小便比平时少。） <br/>He has had painless swelling in his scrotum.（他的阴囊有不痛的肿大。） <br/>He feels lack of interest in sex.（他自觉对性的兴趣大减。） <br/>He has difficulty starting his urine flow.（他小便不畅通。） <br/>His urine stream is very weak and slow.（他小便流动得很慢很弱。） <br/>He dribbles a little urine after he has finished urinating.（他小便后，还会有少量零星地滴下。） <br/>He has had some discharge from his penis.（他的阴茎排出一些流脓。） <br/>His urine is cloudy and it smells strong.（他的小便混浊，而且气味不好。） <br/>He has a dull heavy ache in the crotch.（他的胯部感到隐痛。） <br/>He has a small leakage of urine when he coughs or sneezes.（他咳嗽或打喷嚏时，会有点泄尿。） <br/>He has trouble urinating.（他小便有困难。） </p><p><br/>(7) 呼吸方面： </p><p>His breathing has become increasingly difficult.（他呼吸越来越困难。） <br/>He has to breathe through his mouth.（他要用口呼吸。） <br/>He is short of breath, even when he has not been exercising, he is breathless.（他喘气；即使不运\动，他也是上气不接下气。） <br/>His cough is more like wheezing.（他的咳嗽有呼哧呼哧的响声。） <br/>His cough is dry, producing no phlegm.（他是干咳，没有痰。） <br/>He has coughed up blood.（他咳嗽有血。） <br/>His nose stuffed up when he had a cold.（他感冒时鼻子就不通。） <br/>He coughs up a lot of phlegm (thick spit) on most days.（他多半时间咳出浓浓的痰。） <br/>He has a feeling of tightness in the chest or a feeling that he is suffocating.（他胸部觉得闷闷的，好像透不过气来。） </p><p></p><p><br/>(8)口腔毛病： </p><p>He has pain in his teeth or jaw. (他的牙齿和下巴疼痛。) <br/>He has some problems with his teeth. (他牙齿有问题。) <br/>The tooth hurts only when he bites down on it. (他咬东西时，牙齿就痛。) <br/>(动词时态：hurt, hurt, hurt; bite, bit, bit) <br/>His gums are red and swollen. (他的牙床红肿。) <br/>His tongue is red and sore all over. (他的舌头到处红和痛。) <br/>His breath smells bad and he has a foul taste in his mouth. (他口里有怪味。) <br/>His gums do bleed. (他牙床有出血。) <br/>He has some sore swellings on his gum or jaw. (他的牙床和下巴肿痛。) <br/>He has sore places on or around the lip. (他的嘴唇和周围都很痛。) <br/>There are cracks at the corners of his mouth. (他的嘴巴角落破了。) <br/>There are some discolored areas inside on his tongue. (他舌头里边有些地方颜色怪怪的。)<br/>(9) 肠胃毛病： </p><p>He has a bloated, uncomfortable feeling after meal. (他饭后肚子觉得胀胀的，很不舒服。) 或 <br/>He feels bloated after eating. <br/>He has bouts of abdominal pain. (他有一阵阵的肚痛。) <br/>He feels bloated in his abdominal area. (他感到肚子胀胀的。) <br/>(注：胀胀的，像「puff up」，但不是真正的肿「swell up」。) <br/>The pain is mainly in the lower (upper) right part of the abdomen. (痛是在肚子下半部。) <br/>He has nausea and vomiting. (他有恶心和呕吐。) <br/>It is difficult or painful for him to swallow. (他吞下食物时会痛。) <br/>He has passed more gas than usual. (他放…比平常多。) <br/>He has been constipated for a few days. (他便秘了好几天。) <br/>He suffers pains when he moves his bowels. (他大便时很痛。) <br/>He has some bleeding from his rectum. (他的肛门出血。) <br/>He has noticed some blood in his bowel movements. (他发觉大便时有些血。) <br/>His bowel movements are pale, greasy and foul smelling. (他大便呈灰白色，含油脂的恶臭。) 或 <br/>His bowel movements are grey (or black) in color. (他的大便呈灰白色。) <br/>He has trouble with diarrhea. (他拉肚子。) </p><p><br/>(10) 血压等等： </p><p>His blood pressure is really up. (他的血压很高。) <br/>High blood pressure is creeping up on him. <br/>He has noticed frequent urination, increased thirst and unexpected tireness. (他发觉常常小便，非常口渴和更加疲倦。) <br/>It is a chest pain that gets worse when he bends over or lies down. (他弯腰或躺下时，胸部更痛。) <br/>He has noticed excessive sweating and unexplained tireness. (他体会到过度的出汗和难以解释的疲倦。) <br/>He has a sharp pain in one area of his spine. (他的脊椎某部位刺痛。) <br/>He has pain in other joints including hip, knee and ankle. (其它关节疼痛包括臀部、膝盖和脚踝。) <br/>His eyes seem to be bulging. (他的眼睛觉得有点肿胀。) <br/>He has double vision. (他的视线有双重影子。) <br/>He feels there is a film over his eyes. (他觉得眼里有种薄膜似的东西，挡住视线。) <br/>His vision in the right eye blurred. (他右眼视线模糊不清。) <br/>He has had some earaches lately. (他近来耳朵有点痛。) <br/>He has a repeated buzzing or other noises in his ears. (他耳朵常有嗡嗡的声音。) </p><p></p><p><br/>1 T.或1 tbsp.＝1 tablespoon(汤匙）＝3 teaspoons（茶匙）<br/>1 T.或1 tsp.＝1 teaspoon(茶匙）<br/>1 c.＝1 cup（杯）＝16 tablespoons（汤匙）<br/>1 lb＝1 pound（磅）＝16 ounces（盎司）<br/>oz.＝ounce（盎司）<br/>pt.＝pint（品脱）＝2 cups（杯）＝16 ounces（盎司）<br/>qt.＝quart（夸脱）＝4 cups（杯）＝32 ounces（盎司）<br/>gal.＝gallon（加仑）＝4 quarts<br/>net wt.（净重）＝内容的实际重量，不包括容器的重量<br/>1 tsp.（茶匙）＝5 cubic centimeters（立方厘米）<br/>＝5 milliliters（毫升）<br/>1 tbsp.（汤匙）＝15 cubic centimeters（立方厘米）<br/>1 oz.（盎司）＝30 cubic centimeters（立方厘米）<br/>1 pt.（品脱）＝500 cubic centimeters（立方厘米）<br/>＝1/2 liter（升）<br/>1 qt.（夸脱）＝1000 cubic centimeters（立方厘米）<br/>＝1 liter（升）<br/>1 gal.（加仑）＝3.785 liters（升）</p><p>美国在日常生活中不用“米制”（metric system），“米制”仅用于科学实验。下面列出几项折合换算：</p><p>长度计量单位1 foot（英尺）＝12 inches（英尺）＝0.3048 meters（米）<br/>1 yard（码）＝3 feet（英尺）＝0.9144 meters（米）<br/>1 meter（米）＝39.37 inches（英寸）＝3.28 feet（英尺）<br/>＝1.09 yards(码)<br/>1 mile(英里)＝1.6 kilometers(公里）</p><p>液量计量单位1 British gallon（英制加仑）＝1.2 U.S.gallons（美制加仑）<br/>1 liters（升）＝10.57 liquid quarts（液夸脱）<br/>＝10 deciliters（分升）<br/>1 deciliter(dcl)(分升）＝6 tbsp（汤匙）+2 tsp.（茶匙）<br/>＝3.38 U.S.fluid ounces（美制液盎司）</p><p>干量计量单位1 pound（磅）＝16 ounces（盎司）＝453.59 grams（克）<br/>1 gram（克）＝0.35 ounces（盎司）<br/>1 kilogram（千克、公斤）＝2.2046 pounds（磅）</p><p>等合折合450 grams（克）＝相当于：<br/>2-1/4 c.granulatesd sugar（砂糖）<br/>2-1/3 c.firmly packed brown sugar（红糖）<br/>4-1/2 c.confectioners’sugar（糖粉）<br/>4 c.white flour（精白面粉）<br/>3-1/2 c.whole wheat flour（全麦面粉）<br/>2 c.rice（米）</p><p>美国测量体温、气温和烹调温度均用华氏温标，摄氏温标一般只用于科学实验，把华氏温度折算成摄氏温度或将原华氏温度数减去32，然后将所得数乘5、除9。把摄氏温度折算成华氏温度，可将原摄氏温度数乘9、除5，然后将所得数加32。正常体温（从口中测量所得）是37C.或98.6F。</p><p>美国常用服装尺码<br/>童装<br/>婴儿（8个月以下孩子）的衣着是根据出生有几个月来标定尺码的，如3个月、6个月或9个月。由于婴儿迅速长大，衣服经常换又容易缩水，因此以购买比你孩子身材大一号的衣服为宜。<br/>1至6岁的儿童，衣着尺码是根据以下的计量单位（英寸）决定：<br/>尺码Size 1 2 3 3X-4 5 6 6X <br/>身高height 29-31 31-34 34-37 37-40 40-43 43-46 46-48 <br/>胸围chest 20 21 22 23 24 25 25-1/2<br/>腰围waist 20 20-1/2 21 21-1/2 22 22-1/2 23<br/>重量weight 22-25 25-29 29-34 34-38 38-44 49-54</p><p>6至7岁或更大一些的女童，童装尺码根据下列计量单位决定：<br/>尺码Sixe 6 8 10 12 14 <br/>身高height 50 52 56 58-1/2 61<br/>胸围chest 26 27 29 30-1/2 32<br/>腰围waist 23 23-1/2 24-1/2 25-1/2 26-1/2<br/>臀围hips 27-1/2 28-1/2 31 33 35</p><p>10至11岁的女孩开始使用“少年袋”尺码（“Teenage” sizes），用以下计量单位：<br/>身高height 58-1/2 59-1/2 60-1/2<br/>胸围 bust 25-1/2 30 31-1/2<br/>腰围waist 23-1/2 24-1/2 25-1/2<br/>臀围hips 30 32 34</p><p>6至7岁或更大一些的男孩，衬衫尺码根据领围大小（英寸）和从背中缝顺着肩，沿肘部而下，直达腕部（即袖长）的长度（英寸）决定：<br/>尺码Size 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14<br/>领围neck 11 11 11-1/2 11-1/2 12 12-1/2 12-1/2 12-1/2 13<br/>袖长sleeve 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29</p><p>男士服装</p><p>男士套装的尺码按36号、37号、38号、39号、40号……排列。这些尺码指的是胸围尺寸（英寸）。此外，男士套装还根据上衣长短分“长”、“中”、“短”三档。上衣长短指从领圈和上衣接合部一直到上衣底边的尺寸。“短”档上衣的长短是28-1/2到29-1/2英寸。举例而言，一套西装的尺码可以是“30长”、“41中”或“40短”。</p><p>衬衫的尺码根据领围尺寸（英寸）和袖子长短（英尺）决定。袖长指从颈背中间，顺着肩，沿肘部而下，直到腕部的长度。因此，衬衫尺码有两个标号——领圈的大小和袖子的长短。诸如：“15-31”、“14-33”或“16-1/2-34”。</p><p>鞋的尺码按8号、8-1/2号、9号、9-1/2号、10号排列，这些号码与英寸无关。每双鞋的尺码还要标明宽窄。A和B号鞋适于瘦脚，C号鞋适于普通脚。D号和E号鞋则适于肥的脚。因此，你所穿鞋的尺码有两个标号，诸如：“8-1/2D”、“9B”或“10C”。<br/>裤子和衬裤的尺码根据腰围大小决定。</p><p>女士服装</p><p>外套、裙子、连衣裙和套装的尺码有“女士尺码”（即“普通尺码）与“少女尺码”之分。“女士尺码”以双数为标示，如6号、8号、10号、12号……等等。“少女尺码”则以单数标示，如5号、7号、9号、11号……等等。“少女尺码”衣服的上身往往比“女士尺码”要短一些，而腰围也要小一些。一般来说，13岁至19岁的少女更适于穿着这类尺码的衣服，而不是童装。</p><p>毛衣和女式衬衫的尺码有时仅只标示胸围尺寸（英寸），诸如32或36，一概都用双数。衬裙的尺码同样根据胸围尺寸，而大多数衬裙按长短又可分为“长”、“中”、“短”三档，因此，你买的衬裙的尺码往往是用一个数字和一种长度来标示，诸如：“32短”或“36长”。由于不同厂家生产的衬裙尺码差异较大，最好你在购买之前试穿一下，看是否合适。</p><p>鞋的尺码按4-1/2号、5号、5-1/2号、6号、6-1/2号……排列，这些号码与英寸无关。每双鞋的尺码不要标明宽窄。A、AA、AAA号鞋适于瘦脚，B号鞋适于普通脚，C号和D号鞋则适于肥的脚。因此，你所穿鞋的尺码有两个标号，诸如：“5-1/2AA”、“7B”或“8C”。 </p><p></p><p><br/>硬盘：harddisk </p><p>内存：ram </p><p>软驱：floppy disk </p><p>磁盘：diskette </p><p>驱动器：drive </p><p>驱动程序：driver </p><p>红外线：infrared </p><p>光驱：cd rom </p><p>数据库：data base </p><p>微软公司生产的数据库软件：access </p><p>微软公司生产的表格处理软件：excel </p><p>下面的一些词好像记得在哪里看到有人发过，觉得对刚来的朋友有用，我也放这里了． </p><p>Senior 学长（一般都很乐于帮助junior） </p><p>Junior 学弟学妹 </p><p>MUD 一种让人极度着迷的网上虚拟游戏，许多人因此而荒学业。 </p><p>Neighbourhood 这个称呼不是指你的邻居，全称为 Network Neighbourhood，指校园网络之间的资源共享，那里可以找到大量MP3歌曲、软件和电影。 </p><p>Canteen 餐厅，一般在宿舍或上课地点附近 Lecture 大学讲师在阶梯教室上的大课。 </p><p>Tutorial 一般只有十几二十个人的小课。 </p><p>Notes 笔记，但一般不需要用笔来记，由讲师提供并大量复印，然后学生买现成的。 </p><p>Singlish 新加坡式英语，口音相当奇特，与标准英语相差很大，新生一般都要花一段时间来适应</p><p>Presentation 想象一下，你站在同学们面前，用投影仪或者幻灯机辅助，向大家用英语解释什么叫Internet，（最后还要回答其它人提出的问题比如请再解释一遍或者你为什么选这个主题等等）--这就是presentation， 主题多变，规定时间从两分钟到一个小时不等。</p><p>Report 调查报告，研究报告，实验报告……一般四五页打印纸到十几页不等。经常有人为赶report 而通宵熬夜。 </p><p>Orientation 开学前，一种老生整新生的新加坡传统活动，结果通常会惨不忍睹。</p><p>Computer Loan 大学里为大家买电脑提供的贷款。</p><p>Dean's List 一种类似"红榜"的东西，每个系每学期考试后会评 </p><p>NTUC 全国职工总会 National Trade Union Congress，但我们喜欢用它指代遍及全岛的NTUC Fair Price 超市。是我们每周采购点。 </p><p>MOE 教育部 Ministry of Education </p><p>NUS 新加坡国立大学 National University of Singapore </p><p>NTU 南洋理工大学 Nanyang Technological University </p><p>NIE 国立教育学院 National Institute of Education （属于NTU） </p><p>POSBank 邮政储蓄银行（一般称为储蓄银行），Post Office Savings Bank，和我们有深厚感情，因为教育部将生活费汇到我们在该银行的户口里。 </p><p>MRT 地铁 Mass Rapid Transpotation </p><p>SBS 新加坡巴士公司(新巴) Singapore Bus Services </p><p>TIBS 八达巴士公司(八达) Trans Island Bus Services </p><p>JC 初级学院 Junior College </p><p>NUH 国大医院 National University Hospital </p><p>ECA 在宿舍里参加活动所得的分数 </p><p>PRCSU 中国学生会(南大) PRC Student Union </p><p>CSC 中国学生会(国大) Chinese Student Committee </p>
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